• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an elevator car (1), comprising a floor (2), side walls (4) and a ceiling (3). In order to enable an elevator, which on the one hand complies with the regulations and on the other hand does not require a shaft head, it is provided according to the invention that the ceiling (3) is arranged in a controlled manner movable in the elevator car (1) in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the floor (2) , Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an elevator car (1), which has a bottom (2), side walls (4) and a ceiling (3).
    公开号:AT517871A1
    申请号:T50880/2015
    申请日:2015-10-16
    公开日:2017-05-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Norbert Steiner；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Elevator cabin
    The invention relates to an elevator car, comprising a floor, side walls and a ceiling.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an elevator car, which has a floor, side walls and a ceiling.
    Various elevators and elevator cars have become known from the prior art. Regulations for the manufacture of elevators require that a space above the elevator car must always be able to accommodate a box lying on one side with minimum dimensions of 0.5 mx 0.6 mx 0.8 m. This regulation, which is intended for safety during maintenance, requires an elevator above a final position of the elevator car with end additional additional dimensions in lifts with conventional elevator cars. This shaft head requires structural features, such as a particular form of a roof in the area of the shaft head, which lead to considerable additional costs in the construction of buildings, and requires a large projection over a roof.
    This is where the invention starts. The object of the invention is to provide an elevator car of the type mentioned, with which an elevator corresponding to the regulations can be formed, which has an at least reduced pit head.
    Furthermore, a method corresponding to the regulations of the aforementioned type is to be specified, with which an elevator car can be operated in a shaft with at least reduced shaft head.
    This invention is achieved by an elevator car of the type mentioned, in which the ceiling is arranged in a controlled manner movable in the elevator car, in particular in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the ground.
    Purpose of the regulations such as the Lifts Directive 1995 and the resulting national regulations, such as the elevator safety regulation ASV in Austria, in relation to a above the elevator car free space or a
    Shelter is to avoid trapping persons located above the elevator car between a ceiling of the elevator car and a manhole cover. According to the regulations, this requires a permanent shelter in the form of a cuboid.
    In the context of the invention, it has been recognized that this purpose can also be fulfilled if the ceiling of the elevator car in the elevator car is arranged to be movable or lowerable in a controlled manner. As a result, the required according to the provision of open space or shelter for an installer above the ceiling of the elevator car and at the same time in the elevator car itself is formed when the ceiling is lowered accordingly. A shelter is thus permanent in the sense of the elevator directive in an elevator car according to the invention. In an elevator car formed in this way, an additional free space above an upper edge of the side walls is not required, which is why an elevator with such an elevator car does not require a shaft head with an additional cavity at an upper end. It is understood that the ceiling for this purpose is advantageously designed so stable that it can carry a person. The ceiling therefore usually has a payload of at least 75 kg.
    A mobility of the ceiling relative to the ground can be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, the ceiling can be moved or lowered perpendicular to the ground. Alternatively, the ceiling can also be pivoted or formed similar to a blind in order to be displaced from an uppermost position to a position located further down in the elevator car.
    Furthermore, the side walls may be telescopically and rigidly connected to the ceiling to achieve moving or lowering the ceiling relative to the ground.
    An arrangement of the ceiling in the elevator car can be done in various ways. For example, the ceiling can be connected via predetermined breaking points on upper edges of the side walls and parallel via ropes, springs, damper elements or the like with the side walls, so that when a load on the ceiling, for example, by a worker break the predetermined breaking points and controls the ceiling by means of ropes, springs or damper elements is lowered. As a result, injuries to a person on the ceiling are easily avoided, which would be possible if the ceiling would simply break through uncontrolled. It can also be arranged several predetermined breaking points in series, so that the ceiling, for example, at a load of 35 kg 20 mm down on a holder with other predetermined breaking points, which also breaks at a load of more than 70 kg and another controlled lowering the Ceiling allows.
    It has been proven that the ceiling can be moved in a revisable manner, in particular movable up and down, in the elevator car. This can be done for example via springs, with which the ceiling is connected to the floor or the side walls.
    In order to avoid a risk of injury in a simple manner, it is favorable if the blanket is positioned in the elevator car such that the blanket is lowered in a controlled manner when the blanket is loaded with a defined mass, in particular more than 30 kg. It is thus formed when a burden on the ceiling by a person automatically a legal provisions corresponding shelter. This can be done by appropriate training of breaking points or by sensors in connection with the ceiling moving actuators.
    To form a lift which does not require clearance between an upper edge of the elevator car sidewalls in a topmost position of the elevator car and a bottom of a manhole deck, it is advantageous if the blanket is from a topmost position in which the blanket is at a maximum distance from the ground , can be lowered by more than 50 cm, so that when the ceiling is lowered above the ceiling, a space defined by the side walls is at least 50 cm high. As a result, a shaft head with a particularly low height can be achieved. It is advantageous if a drive, which in particular has an electric motor, are provided for lowering the ceiling and a control acting on the drive. This allows the ceiling for maintenance by appropriate operation of the controller, for example by means of a dedicated maintenance key, be lowered controlled in a simple manner. It can then by means of the control between a first operating state of the elevator car, in which the
    Elevator cabin itself is entered, and a second operating state in which a shelter is formed above the ceiling, to be switched.
    Advantageously, the elevator car is designed such that the ceiling is automatically lowered in a de-energized state. As a result, a shelter is formed even in the event of a power failure, so that a risk of being trapped between the ceiling and the shaft cover ceiling is avoided even during emergency operation. Additional conditions may also be defined which must be met in order for the blanket to be lowered in a de-energized state, for example that there are no persons in the elevator car.
    It has been proven that at least one ceiling load sensor is provided for measuring a load on the ceiling and a data output of the ceiling load sensor is connected to the controller, wherein the controller is preferably arranged such that the ceiling is lowered by the drive when a load above a defined limit value is measured. This easily enables automated lowering of the blanket upon entering it, if the limit is set accordingly, for example, a load weight of 30 kg or a loading force of about 300 Newton.
    In order to prevent the ceiling from being lowered when persons are located in an interior of the elevator car or between the floor and the ceiling, it is favorable if a car sensor is provided for detecting a load condition of the elevator car which acts on the control, wherein the controller is preferably arranged such that the ceiling is lowered only when there are no persons in the elevator car. In addition, the elevator car can also be set up in such a way that the ceiling is lowered only when there are no persons on the ceiling. Whether this additional condition is met can be easily determined, for example, with the ceiling load sensor. In this case, the blanket can only be automatically lowered if there are no persons in or on the elevator car. Usually, the ceiling load sensor and the cabin sensor for measuring a force are designed to measure a force acting on the cabin floor or the ceiling force. It is understood, however, that alternatively, the use of any other sensor is possible with which can be determined whether a person is on the ceiling or inside the elevator car, such as optical sensors such as a digital camera.
    It has been proven that a car door and a car door sensor are provided for detecting a state of the car door, the car door sensor acts on the controller and the controller is set up so that the ceiling is lowered whenever the car door is closed and no Persons in the elevator car and preferably also no persons are on the ceiling. As a result, a security room is always formed above the ceiling to avoid injury whenever there is no person in the elevator car and the car door is closed. Furthermore, a position of the elevator car can enter into the control, so that a lowering of the ceiling only occurs when the elevator car is empty, when the elevator car is in an uppermost position or moved into the uppermost position. As a result, unnecessary movements of the ceiling are avoided, at the same time always a shelter or protective cuboid between the ceiling and Schachtabschlussdecke is formed. If the elevator car is located in a position further down in the elevator shaft, a lowering of the ceiling is not mandatory, as in this case can not be trapped between ceiling and Schachtabschlussdecke anyway.
    At the same time, the control is usually set up so that the ceiling is automatically moved to an uppermost position before the car door is opened, when no person is on the ceiling or no load on the ceiling is measured. This easily prevents a person from entering the elevator car while the blanket is in a maintenance position or lowered and a person is on the blanket, for example to perform maintenance.
    It is favorable if an elevator with an elevator shaft and an elevator car with an elevator cage according to the invention is formed. As a result, the elevator shaft can be produced with a minimum shaft head, which can be reduced in a construction of the building costs. At the same time much more aesthetic roof shapes can be achieved, which are not affected by a well projecting well above the roof shaft head.
    In order to achieve the least possible impairment of a shape of a roof through the elevator shaft, it is favorable if, when the elevator cage is positioned in an uppermost position, upper edges of the side walls of the elevator cage are spaced less than 50 cm from an underside of the shaft end cover. This is possible when using an elevator car according to the invention, because the shelter is formed by lowering the ceiling in the elevator car itself.
    Advantageously, facilities to be serviced of the elevator are arranged so that they can be maintained without having to enter the ceiling of the elevator car. For example, such technical devices as an elevator drive can be arranged on a side surface of the elevator shaft, so that they can be serviced with appropriate positioning of the elevator car in the elevator shaft of the elevator car, for example by opening a maintenance flap located laterally in the elevator car or the like. It is then not necessary to enter the ceiling for maintenance, so that a risk of being trapped during maintenance can be completely ruled out. It can be arranged on the ceiling and a visual cue, which shows that entering the ceiling is prohibited, such as a corresponding sign.
    As a rule, only an uppermost door and a lowermost door of the elevator shaft can be opened with an emergency release in an elevator. A risk of being trapped thus exists even with a door opened by means of the emergency release only when a person passes from the top door onto the ceiling of the elevator car. However, this is only possible if the elevator car is lowered from an uppermost position by at least 40 cm, so that in this case above the ceiling, a permanent shelter is formed. As a result, the requirements of the regulations are met in an elevator with an elevator car according to the invention.
    The further object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned above, when the ceiling controlled by a first operating state in which the elevator car is entered, is moved relative to a plane of the floor in a second operating state, wherein in the second operating state above the ceiling Shelter is formed, which is limited by the side walls and the ceiling. As a result, a permanent shelter above the ceiling can be formed in a simple manner, so that the elevator, even with a reduced shaft head, meets the requirements of the Lifts Directive of 1995. It is advantageous if a loading state of the elevator car is measured continuously and the ceiling is reversibly, preferably automatically, moved to the second operating state, if the measurement shows that there are no persons in the elevator car. It is thus ensured that even in case of power failure, a shelter above the ceiling is present and trapping of persons is prevented even in an emergency operation. Of course, further conditions for moving the blanket to the second operating state or lowering the blanket in a controller may be defined. For example, can also be defined that the ceiling is always moved to the second operating state when there are no people in the elevator car and a lift cage door is closed.
    Preferably, the blanket is moved to the second operating state only when the elevator car is in an uppermost position or moved to the uppermost position. Usually, a position of the elevator car in the elevator shaft is measured, so that this position can be used for the control of the ceiling. Since lowering the ceiling to form a protective curb according to the regulations is only necessary to avoid pinching between the ceiling and the shaft cover blanket, it is sufficient to lower the ceiling only when the elevator car is in the uppermost position or in the uppermost position is moved. As a result, movements of the ceiling and thus wear of moving parts as well as energy consumption can be reduced and at the same time the safety distances according to the regulations are kept. In this embodiment, the blanket is therefore always lowered when the elevator car is empty, the car door is closed and the elevator car is moved to the uppermost position or is in the uppermost position in the elevator shaft.
    It has been proven that a load on the ceiling is measured and the ceiling is automatically moved to the first operating state when the ceiling is not loaded. This ensures in a simple manner that exclude the two operating conditions, since entering the elevator car in such a method is only possible if the ceiling is not loaded, for example by a fitter. Similarly, entering the ceiling, only possible when the ceiling is in a lowered position or the second operating state, which is ruled out that at the same time people are in the elevator car.
    As a rule, a cabin door is not opened in normal operation until the ceiling is in the first operating state. As a result, a risk of injury in the moving ceiling is avoided in a simple manner by allowing people or passengers access to the elevator car only when the ceiling has reached the first operating state or an upper end of the elevator car. It is understood that authorized personnel may be able to access the elevator car even when the ceiling is in the second operating state. For this purpose, authorized personnel may for example be equipped with a maintenance key or the like, with which the car door can be opened even when the ceiling is lowered.
    In general, in an elevator, a lowermost and an uppermost door of the elevator shaft are formed with an emergency release, so that they can be opened by authorized persons even if the elevator car is not located at the corresponding door of the shaft. If a person enters the elevator shaft through a door opened by force or by means of an emergency release above the elevator car and thus reaches the ceiling of the elevator car, the person enters the shelter directly, which is formed automatically by lowering the ceiling when there are no persons located in the elevator car. The shelter can therefore be termed permanent.
    Even in the event that a person accesses the ceiling via a door located above the elevator car while persons are in the elevator car, a risk of injury can be easily ruled out if a loading of the elevator car between floor and ceiling and a
    Load of the ceiling are measured and appropriate measurements enter into a control of the elevator, so that a movement of the elevator car is prevented in this case.
    Further, a control of the elevator or a drive of the ceiling of the elevator car can also be designed such that a lowering of the ceiling is also possible without danger when there are people in the elevator car. This may be required for an emergency hoistway door opening. For example, the persons can then be acoustically directed via an emergency communication system in such a way that there is no risk of injury due to the lowering of the ceiling.
    It is therefore in any case in which the ceiling can be entered, a permanent shelter above the ceiling formed, so the requirements of the elevator directive with an elevator car according to the invention or a method for operating the same can be met in a simple manner, even if the elevator is designed with a reduced shaft head.
    Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment illustrated below. In the drawings, to which reference is made, show:
    Fig. 1 an elevator car according to the invention;
    2 and 3 an elevator with an elevator car according to the invention.
    Fig. 1 shows an elevator car 1 according to the invention in a schematic representation. The elevator car 1 has a floor 2, side walls 4 rising from the floor 2, which are rigidly connected to the floor 2, a car door (not shown) and a ceiling 3 movable along a floor 2 which is movable perpendicular to the floor 2. The ceiling 3 is shown in a lowered position, in which above the ceiling 3 a space with a height of at least 50 cm is formed, so that a risk of injury is avoided when the elevator car 1 is in a topmost position of the elevator shaft 5, in which a shaft end cap 6 is immediately above an upper edge of the side walls 4. Usually, the ceiling 3 is formed so stable that it can carry one or more people 10. The blanket 3 thus generally has a payload of preferably at least 75 kg.
    Furthermore, a drive and a control for the drive are provided in order to lower or raise the ceiling 3 actively along a direction of movement 9. For this purpose, other sensors, not shown, are provided to detect a loading state of the elevator car 1, a load on the ceiling 3 and a state of the car door. Advantageously, the controller is set up such that the ceiling 3 is always lowered when there are no persons 10 in the elevator car 1 and the car door is closed. In the case, a shelter 7 is formed above the ceiling 3, which is bounded at a lower end by the ceiling 3 itself and laterally by the side walls 4 of the elevator car 1.
    Furthermore, the control is usually arranged such that the cover 3 is automatically moved by the drive in an uppermost position before or while the car door is opened when the ceiling 3 is not loaded. It is thus ensured in a simple manner that exclude operating states of the elevator car 1 each other by entering the elevator car 1 is prevented by the lowered ceiling 3 when a person 10 is on the ceiling 3. A first operating state of the elevator car 1 makes it possible to enter the elevator car 1 in an area between the floor 2 and the ceiling 3, while a second operating state makes it possible to enter the ceiling 3 but not enter the floor 2.
    2 and 3 show schematically a section through an elevator with an elevator car 1 according to the invention. The elevator car 1 is shown in FIG. 2 in the first operating state in which the elevator car 1 enters between the floor 2 and the ceiling 3 by a person 10 can be.
    In Fig. 3, the elevator car 1 is shown in the second operating state, in which entering the elevator car 1 by a person 10 between the floor 2 and ceiling 3 is not possible. In this case, a shelter 7 is shown, which is formed with lowered ceiling 3 through the ceiling 3 and side walls 4 of the elevator car 1 below a shaft end cap 6 of the elevator shaft 5. As shown, the elevator shaft 5, unlike elevator shafts of the prior art, only minimally surmount the elevator car 1 when the elevator car 1 is in an uppermost stop as shown, in which a floor 8 of a top floor of the building at the level of the floor 2 of FIG Elevator car 1 is located.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, a distance between the ceiling 3 of the elevator car 1 and the shaft end cover 6 is about 10 cm, when the elevator car 1 as shown in Fig. 3 is located in an uppermost stop. A required to fulfill the requirements shelter 7 is then formed when the ceiling 3 is lowered by 40 cm. Advantageously, the elevator is arranged such that the ceiling 3 is lowered by 40 cm whenever the elevator car 1 is empty and is moved to a topmost position or is in the uppermost position. As a result, a permanent shelter 7 between the ceiling 3 and shaft cover cover 6 is formed in accordance with the rules and avoids risk of injury despite reduced shaft head.
    A trained with an elevator car 1 elevator according to the invention can thus be implemented much more aesthetic, cheaper and more versatile than elevators of the prior art, which are formed to form a shelter 7 with a correspondingly large shaft head. With an elevator car 1 according to the invention it is also possible at the same time to reliably prevent trapping of persons 10 and thus to comply with applicable regulations such as the elevator directive, since the shelter 7 is formed by lowering the ceiling 3 at least partially in the elevator car 1 itself. When the elevator car 1 is in an uppermost position or a topmost stop and the elevator shaft 5 has no additional cavity above the elevator car 1, the protective space 7 is formed entirely in the elevator car 1, but above the ceiling 3. It is thus achieved with a lift cage 1 according to the invention a permanent shelter 7. This allows a less expensive and more aesthetic construction of buildings than with elevators of the prior art.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    claims
    Elevator car (1), comprising a floor (2), side walls (4) and a ceiling (3), characterized in that the ceiling (3) in particular in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the bottom (2) controlled in the elevator car (1) is arranged.
    [2]
    2. elevator car (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceiling (3) is arranged reversibly movable in the elevator car (1).
    [3]
    3. elevator car (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ceiling (3) is positioned in the elevator car (1) that the ceiling (3) is lowered controlled when the ceiling (3) with a defined Mass, in particular more than 30 kg, is loaded.
    [4]
    4. elevator car (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ceiling (3) from an uppermost position in which the ceiling (3) has a maximum distance from the bottom (2) by more than 50 cm can be lowered so that when lowered ceiling (3) above the ceiling (3) through the side walls (4) limited space is formed with a height of at least 50 cm.
    [5]
    5. elevator car (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a drive, which in particular has an electric motor, for lowering the ceiling (3) and acting on the drive control are provided.
    [6]
    6. elevator car (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one ceiling load sensor for measuring a load on the ceiling (3) is provided and a data output of the ceiling load sensor is connected to the controller, wherein the controller is preferably arranged such that the ceiling (3) can be lowered by the drive when a load above a defined limit value is measured.
    [7]
    7. elevator car (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a cabin sensor for detecting a load condition of the elevator car (1) is provided, which acts on the controller, wherein the controller is preferably arranged such that the ceiling (3) can only be lowered if there are no persons (10) in the elevator car (1).
    [8]
    8. elevator car (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that a car door and a car door sensor for detecting a state of the car door are provided, wherein the car door sensor acts on the controller and the controller is arranged such that the ceiling (3) always is lowered when the car door is closed and there are no people (10) in the elevator car (1) and preferably also no people on the ceiling (3).
    [9]
    9. Elevator with an elevator shaft (5) and an elevator car (1), characterized in that the elevator car (1) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 8.
    [10]
    10. Elevator according to claim 9, characterized in that when positioning the elevator car (1) in a topmost position upper edges of the side walls (4) of the elevator car (1) less than 50 cm from an underside of the shaft end cover (6) are spaced.
    [11]
    11. Elevator according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that only an uppermost door and a lowermost door of the elevator shaft (5) are designed to be openable with an emergency release.
    [12]
    12. A method for operating an elevator car (1), which has a bottom (2), side walls (4) and a ceiling (3), in particular an elevator car (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ceiling (3) controlled by a first operating state in which the elevator car (1) is enterable, is moved relative to a plane of the bottom (2) in a second operating state, wherein in the second operating state above the ceiling (3) a shelter (7) is formed, which is bounded by the side walls (4) and the ceiling (3).
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that continuously a loading state of the elevator car (1) is measured and the cover (3) reversibly, preferably automatically, is moved to the second operating state, if the measurement shows that no persons (10 ) are located in the elevator car (1).
    [14]
    14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the ceiling (3) is moved to the second operating state only when the elevator car is in an uppermost position or is moved to the uppermost position.
    [15]
    15. The method according to claim 12 or 14, characterized in that a load on the ceiling (3) is measured and the cover (3) is automatically moved to the first operating state when the ceiling (3) is not loaded.
    [16]
    16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that a car door is only automatically opened in a normal operation when the ceiling (3) is in the first operating state.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3165492A1|2017-05-10|
    AT517871B1|2017-12-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP1566357A1|2002-11-26|2005-08-24|Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha|Elevator equipment|
    DE102006023920A1|2006-05-19|2007-11-22|TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH|Elevator car for elevator system, comprises front surface arranged in surface area, where car is confined to outer edge in shaft direction, and protective chamber is formed between surface area and outer edge|
    EP2277817A1|2009-07-21|2011-01-26|Inventio AG|Lift with a cabin ceiling element that can be lowered|AT15711U1|2016-05-19|2018-04-15|Steiner Norbert|car|JPH0710432A|1993-06-30|1995-01-13|Fuji Car Mfg Co Ltd|Carrier of article|
    JPH07172736A|1993-12-21|1995-07-11|Yoshitada Etsuhara|Construction elevator equipped with loading/unloading device|
    JPH09309677A|1996-05-20|1997-12-02|Mitsubishi Denki Bill Techno Service Kk|Underfloor storage type scaffolding base for elevator car|
    JP2000318941A|1999-05-07|2000-11-21|Inventio Ag|Device for working in elevator shaft|AT519275B1|2016-10-21|2018-10-15|Norbert Steiner|Elevator and method of delivery of parcels|
    法律状态:
    2021-06-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20201016 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50880/2015A|AT517871B1|2015-10-16|2015-10-16|car|ATA50880/2015A| AT517871B1|2015-10-16|2015-10-16|car|
    EP16193600.0A| EP3165492A1|2015-10-16|2016-10-12|Elevator car|
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